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- $Unique_ID{BRK03373}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{valproic acid}
- $Subject{Depakene Abbott Depakote Myproic acid My-K Labs Divalproex sodium
- valproic Anticonvulsant seizure disorders gamma-aminobutyric brain}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1993 Publications International, Ltd.
-
-
- valproic acid
- ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
- BRAND NAMES (Manufacturers)
-
- Depakene (Abbott)
- Depakote [*] (Abbott)
- Myproic acid (My-K Labs)
- valproic acid (various manufacturers)
- * Note: Divalproex sodium, sold under the brand name Depakote, is
- chemically and therapeutically similar to valproic acid. It has been
- formulated as an enteric-coated tablet in order to prolong its effects and to
- decrease stomach irritation.
-
- TYPE OF DRUG
-
- Anticonvulsant
-
- INGREDIENT
-
- valproic acid
-
- DOSAGE FORMS
-
- Capsules (250 mg)
- Enteric-coated tablets (125 mg, 250 mg, and 500 mg)
- Oral syrup (250 mg per 5-ml spoonful)
- Sprinkle capsule (125 mg)
-
- STORAGE
-
- Valproic acid should be stored at room temperature in tightly closed
- containers. This medication should never be frozen.
-
- USES
-
- Valproic acid is used to treat various seizure disorders. It prevents
- seizures or convulsions by increasing concentrations of a certain chemical
- (gamma-aminobutyric acid) in the brain.
-
- TREATMENT
-
- In order to avoid stomach irritation, you should take valproic acid with
- food or milk (unless your doctor directs you to do otherwise).
- The capsules or enteric-coated tablets should be swallowed whole.
- Chewing or opening the capsules before swallowing releases their contents,
- which may cause irritation of the mouth and throat.
- Each dose of valproic acid oral syrup should be measured carefully with a
- specially designed 5-ml measuring spoon. An ordinary kitchen teaspoon is not
- accurate enough to ensure that you receive the proper dose.
- Only the specially designed sprinkle capsules should be opened before
- swallowing. The entire content of the sprinkle capsule should be placed on a
- teaspoonful of applesauce or pudding and swallowed immediately. Do not chew
- the food-drug mixture.
- Valproic acid works best when the level of medication in the bloodstream
- is kept constant. It is best, therefore, to take the doses at evenly spaced
- intervals day and night. For example, if you are to take four doses a day,
- the doses should be spaced six hours apart.
- It is important to try not to miss any doses of this medication. If you
- do miss a dose and remember within six hours, take the missed dose
- immediately. If more than six hours has passed, do not take the missed dose
- at all; just return to your regular dosing schedule. Do not double the next
- dose of this medication. If you miss two or more consecutive doses of
- valproic acid, contact your doctor as soon as possible for further
- instructions.
-
- SIDE EFFECTS
-
- Minor.
-
- Constipation, diarrhea, dizziness, drowsiness, hair loss, headache,
- increased or decreased appetite, insomnia, nausea, stomach upset, vomiting, or
- weight gain or loss. These side effects should disappear as your body adjusts
- to the medication.
- To relieve constipation, increase the amount of fiber in your diet (fresh
- fruits and vegetables, salads, bran, and whole-grain breads), exercise, and
- drink more water (unless your doctor directs you to do otherwise).
- If you feel dizzy, sit or lie down for a while; get up slowly from a
- sitting or reclining position, and be careful on stairs.
-
- Major.
-
- Tell your doctor about any side effects that are persistent or
- particularly bothersome. IT IS ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT TO TELL YOUR DOCTOR about
- blurred vision, cramps, depression, facial edema (swelling), loss of
- coordination, menstrual disorders, mental disorders, skin rash, tremors,
- unusual bleeding or bruising, weakness, or yellowing of the eyes or skin.
-
- INTERACTIONS
-
- Valproic acid interacts with several other types of drugs:
- 1. Concurrent use of it with other central nervous system depressants
- (drugs that slow the activity of the brain and spinal cord), such as alcohol,
- antihistamines, barbiturates, muscle relaxants, narcotics, pain medications,
- phenothiazine tranquilizers, and sleeping medications, or with tricyclic
- antidepressants can lead to drowsiness.
- 2. Valproic acid can lead to bleeding complications when combined with
- oral anticoagulants (blood thinners, such as warfarin), aspirin, dipyridamole,
- or sulfinpyrazone.
- 3. Valproic acid can increase the blood levels and side effects of
- phenobarbital and primidone.
- 4. The combination of valproic acid and clonazepam or phenytoin can lead
- to an increase in seizure activity.
- 5. Aspirin may interfere with the metabolism of valproic acid, which may
- result in increased toxicity and increased side effects.
- Before beginning treatment with valproic acid, BE SURE TO TELL YOUR
- DOCTOR about any medications that you are currently taking, especially any of
- those medications listed above.
-
- WARNINGS
-
- * Tell your doctor about unusual or allergic reactions you have had to
- any medications, especially to valproic acid, sodium valproate, or divalproex
- sodium.
- * Be sure to tell your doctor if you now have or if you have ever had
- blood disorders, kidney disease, or liver disease.
- * If this drug makes you dizzy or drowsy, do not take part in any
- activity that requires alertness, such as driving a car or operating
- potentially dangerous machinery.
- * Before having surgery or any other medical or dental treatment, be sure
- to tell your doctor or dentist that you are taking this medication.
- * Do not stop taking this medication unless you first check with your
- doctor. Stopping the drug abruptly may lead to a worsening of your condition.
- Your doctor may want to reduce your dosage gradually or start you on another
- medication when valproic acid is discontinued. Make sure you have enough
- medication on hand to last through weekends, holidays, and vacations.
- * Diabetic patients should know that valproic acid can interfere with
- urine tests for ketones. You should, therefore, check with your doctor before
- adjusting your insulin dose to determine if changes are necessary.
- * Be sure to tell your doctor if you are pregnant. Valproic acid has
- been shown to cause birth defects in the offspring of animals that received
- large doses of the drug during pregnancy. It has also been associated with
- spinal cord birth defects in humans when used during the first three months of
- pregnancy. The risks and benefits of treatment should be discussed with your
- doctor. Also, tell your doctor if you are breast-feeding an infant. Small
- amounts of valproic acid pass into breast milk.
-
- ----------------
-
- The material contained here is "FOR INFORMATION ONLY" and should not replace
- the counsel and advice of your personal physician. Promptly consulting your
- doctor is the best path to a quick and successful resolution of any medical
- problem.
-